Commit 4a7ca523 authored by Valentina Fioretti's avatar Valentina Fioretti
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Edit examples.md

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`/run/beamOn 1`

<details><summary> ProtonScattering
</summary>



<img src="images/scattering_example.png"  width="400" height="120" >

Low-energy, or soft, protons (< 300 keV) that enter the field
of view of X-ray focusing telescopes can scatter at grazing an-
gles with the surface of Wolter-type mirrors and reach the fo-
cal plane, causing unpredictable flares in the background rate
of the instruments ([Marelli et al., 2017](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ExA....44..297M/abstract); [Freyberg et al., 2020](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021SPIE11444E..1OF/abstract)).
BoGEMMS was used to simulate the soft-proton-induced back-
ground on the XMM-Newton and Athena X-ray telescopes.
The precision of such predictions was assessed in [Fioretti et al.
(2024)](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024A%26A...691A.229F/abstract)
 by comparing Geant4 physics scattering models with
experimental measurements of proton scattering on a sample
of the eROSITA mirror ([Diebold et al., 2017](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SPIE10397E..0WD/abstract)). The geometry,
physics list, configuration, and macro files used to simulate the
scattering efficiency are distributed in the example application.
The proton beam hits the eROSITA mirror sample, rotated to
measure different incident angles, and then a detector is moved
normally to the plane to measure the scattering efficiency at dif-
ferent scattering angles. For each scattering angle, the number
of detected protons is divided by the number of protons hitting
the target and the solid angle subtended by the detector to com-
pute the scattering efficiency, in sr−1. The mass model includes
an empty disk representing the collimator exit, a layered rect-
angular slab of Gold-coated Nickel to model the mirror sample,
and a set of silicon disks representing the detector moved at dif-
ferent heights. A dedicated physics class allows the user to se-
lect the electromagnetic physics among the AREMBES Space
Physics List, the Geant4 built-in Option4
and Single Scattering physics lists. Several custom parameters,
including the rotation of the target, can be adapted at runtime
using the configuration file.